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| Trinocular Parallel Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| Optical System | Infinite |
| System Optical Magnification | 7.5-135X |
| Trinocular Optical Magnification | 0.375-6.75X |
| Total Magnification | 7.5-135X |
| Standard Eyepiece | 10X Adjustable Eyepiece |
| Standard Objective | 1X Infinity Plan Apochromatic Objective |
| Standard Coupler | 0.5X |
| System Field of View | 1.70-30.67mm |
| Trinocular Parallel Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| Eyepiece Type | Adjustable Eyepiece |
| Eyepiece Optical Magnification | 10X |
| Plan Eyepiece | Plan Eyepiece |
| Eyepiece Size for Eye Tube | Dia. 30mm |
| Eyepiece Field of View | Dia. 23mm |
| Eyepoint Type | High Eyepoint Eyepiece |
| Trinocular Parallel Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| Objective Optical System | Infinite |
| Objective Optical Magnification | 1X |
| Objective Type | Plan Apochromatic Objective |
| Trinocular Parallel Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| Body Optical System | Infinite |
| Body Magnification | 0.75-13.5X |
| Zoom Ratio | 1:18 |
| Zoom Operating Mode | With Two Horizontal Knobs |
| Trinocular Parallel Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| Stand Type | Track Stand |
| Illumination Type | LED Transmitted Light |
| EPI-Fluorescence Kit（LED） | |
| Fluorescence Lamp House Light Source Type | LED |
| Excitation Filter Type | B G U V |
| Number of Excitation Filters | 4 |
| Exciting Filter Cube | 4 Pieces |
| Excitation Filter Switch Type | Built-in Filter Block Turret |
| Input Voltage | AC 100-240V 50/60Hz |
| Power Cord Connector Type | USA 3 Pins |
| Power Cable Length | 1.8m |
| Surface Treatment | Spray Paint |
| Material | Metal |
| Color | Black |
| Applied Field | For FM0302 Series Fluorescence Microscope |
| 20M USB 3.0 CMOS Color Digital Camera | |
| Image Sensor | CMOS |
| Image Sensor Size | 1 in. |
| Image Sensor Diagonal size | 16mm (0.630 in. ) |
| Camera Maximum Pixels | 20 Megapixels |
| Pixel Size | 2.4x2.4μm |
| Camera Resolution | 5440x3648 |
| Camera Signal Output Port | USB 3.0 |
| Camera Lens Mount | C-Mount |
| Transmission Frame Rate | 5fps@5440x3648,10fps@4096x2160,15fps@2736x1824,30fps@1824x1216 |
| White Balance | Manual/Auto |
| Gain Control | Adjustable |
| Exposure Control | Manual/Auto |
| Camera Crosshairs | Grid |
| Line Color | User Defined |
| Capture Function | Yes |
| Image Capture Output Format | TIFF/JPG/BMP/PNG |
| Measurement Function | Yes |
| Video Output Format | WMV/H264/AVI |
| System Requirement | Windows XP/Vista/7/8/10/11/OSX/Linux 2.6 and above |
| Driver Installation | Driver free |
| API | Native C/C++, C#, DirectShow, Twain Control API |
| Low Light | Low Light |
| Cooled | Cooled |
| Camera Operation Temperature | -10~50°C (14~122°F) |
| Camera Operation Humidity | 30-80% |
| Camera Housing Material | Metal |
| Camera Housing Size | Dia. 80x103mm |
| Camera Housing Color | Blue |
| Surface Treatment | Spray Paint |
| Material | Metal |
| Net Weight | 0.59kg (1.30lbs) |
| Calibration | Yes |
| Image Stitching | Yes |
| Trinocular Parallel Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| NSZ800 | Nexcope-NSZ818-Trinocular |
Technical Info
| A fluorescence microscope is a microscope that uses ultraviolet light as a light source to illuminate an object to be observed to make it emit fluorescence, and able to observe information on the position, shape, and structure of the fluorescent portion of the object. Some substances in nature can fluoresce themselves when exposed to ultraviolet light. Some substances cannot fluoresce themselves, but they can also fluoresce after being dyed with fluorescent materials. Fluorescence microscope is an important tool for studying cytology. It is widely used in scientific research and teaching fields such as medicine, polymer structure, and luminescent materials research, and so on. The most important feature of the fluorescence microscope is that it has an illumination source that can emit ultraviolet light, forming a lighting system with the configured fluorescence condenser and filters that are designed for excitation and acceptance of fluorescence. Fluorescent light sources generally use mercury or metal halide lamps, as well as high-power LEDs or laser sources. The ultraviolet light emitted by the light source has a shorter wavelength and thus has a higher resolution. Generally, the high-pressure mercury lamp has a continuous spectrum and a large irradiation intensity, making it a relatively ideal fluorescent microscope source; the xenon lamp has stable intensity in the visible light spectrum range and higher intensity in the infrared band than the mercury lamp, but has certain defects in the ultraviolet band. High-power LED light source cannot provide continuous band spectrum, but has advantages in the range of specific wavelengths, there is no need to preheat, start up and use, has long service life and low labor maintenance cost. So when choosing a light source, you need to understand the characteristics of the light source to match the specific application. Halogen lamps have a narrower range of excitation light wavelengths and can only be concentrated in certain specific wavelengths, such as blue light, so applications are less. Fluorescence microscope can use transmitted light and reflection light for illumination. It can also be installed with a dark field device to become a dark field fluorescence microscope. A phase contrast accessory can be added to form a phase contrast fluorescent microscope, or an interference device can be added to become a fluorescent interference microscope. Reflection light is also commonly called incidence light fluorescence microscope, also known as the EPI-Fluorescence Microscope. The illumination source and the excitation light are passed through the same objective lens. The excitation light path does not pass through the slide as it is directly irradiated onto the specimen, with small excitation light loss and high fluorescence efficiency. The illumination path of the transmitted light fluorescence microscope needs to pass through the slide. In order to reduce the loss of the excitation light, the transmissive fluorescence microscope should use quartz glass slides and coverslips. Because, as consumables, quartz slides are expensive, people prefer to use an EPI-fluorescence microscope. The inverted fluorescence microscope is composed of fluorescent accessories and an inverted microscope. The objective lens and the condenser have a long working distance, and can directly observe and study the object in the culture dish, characterized by microscopic observation in a culture flask or petri dish, mainly used for fluorescence of living tissues such as cells, and are suitable for microscopic observation of tissue culture, in vitro cell culture, plankton, food inspection, etc. in the fields of biology and medicine. Fluorescence microscope systems require the use of two sets of filters for both excitation and emission (Emission) processes. 1. Excitation: After the light source emits light, it first enters the incident light filter, filters out the visible light, and only retains the wavelength portion for exciting the sample, therefore the incident light filter is called an exciter filter. 2. Then, the excitation light is directed vertically to the objective lens through the dichroic lens or a reflector, and then to the specimen through the objective lens, so that the specimen is excited to generate fluorescence and, at this point, the objective lens directly functions as a condenser. 3. The fluorescence, after excitation, is reflected back through the objective lens to the dichroic lens and the barrier filter to block other light except the wavelength of the emitted light from the sample (i.e., the fluorescent portion), so that the observer observes through the eyepiece or the camera to form image. The barrier filter can also filter out the ultraviolet rays between the eyepiece and the objective lens to protect the observer's eyes. The reflective layer on the reflector of fluorescent microscopes is generally aluminized. Aluminum absorbs less ultraviolet and visible light in the blue-violet region and reflects more than 90%, while silver reflects only 70%. The condenser of the fluorescence microscope is made of quartz glass or glass that can transmit ultraviolet light. It can use bright field condensers and dark field condenser, and there is also the phase contrast fluorescent condensers. The bright field condenser has strong condensing power, convenient to use, and is suitable for low and medium multiple power observation. The dark field condenser can produce a dark background because the excitation light does not directly enter the objective lens, thereby enhancing the brightness and contrast of the fluorescent image, capable of observing the fluorescent fine particles that cannot be distinguished by the bright field. The phase contrast fluorescent condenser needs to be used together with the phase contrast accessories and the phase contrast objective lens to observe the phase contrast and the fluorescence effect at the same time. It can see both the fluorescence image and the phase difference image, which helps the accurate positioning of the fluorescent structure. Ordinary fluorescence microscopes can adopt various kinds of conventional objective lenses. As the more the number of lenses of the objective lens, the greater the loss of fluorescence, and in particular, the apochromatic objective lens contains quartz and other components, which can spontaneously fluoresce to form interference, therefore, the general use of flat field achromatic objective lens can already achieve very good results. The fluorescence brightness in the field of view of the microscope is proportional to the square of the numerical aperture of the objective lens, and inversely proportional to the magnification. For specimens with insufficient fluorescence, in order to improve the brightness of the fluorescence image, an objective lens with a large numerical aperture should be used, especially when using high power microscope for observation, it is often necessary to use a dedicated high-magnification fluorescent objective to provide excellent chromatic aberration correction and image quality. Fluorescence Microscope Camera and Image A fluorescence microscope camera can be connected to a fluorescence microscope to form a fluorescence microscope imaging system. The fluorescence image seen by the fluorescence microscope has both the morphological features, the fluorescent color and brightness and other features, and the two need to be combined for comprehensive judgment. The brightness of the fluorescence is relatively weak, and it usually requires the camera to have high sensitivity to low light and signal capture ability in order to obtain a good fluorescence image. The camera can adjust the focus with a brighter fluorescent area. Adjust and set the exposure compensation according to the distribution ratio of the fluorescent image in the photometric area and the brightness of the image. Generally, it is necessary to increase the exposure compensation appropriately to obtain a bright and vivid fluorescent image on a dark background. The camera needs to adopt the appropriate fluorescence shooting mode, do the appropriate background subtraction processing, and set the appropriate parameters, such as Binning, Gain, Gamma, etc., so that the exposure time and gain can be maximized by software control. Fluorescence microscope can also use a fluorescent cold-cooling camera to reduce noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the image. Especially in low light conditions, using dark field illumination, or under chemiluminescence conditions, long time exposure is required. Using a cooling camera can reduce the dark current noise and obtain a clearer image. In the weaker fluorescence field of view, in order to obtain a better contrast image, appropriate adjustments should be made to reduce the fluorescence aperture diaphragm so as to obtain images with large depth of field, or use a neutral density filter (ND for short). When shooting with a high power or magnification objective, any vibration should be avoided, and it is best that an anti-vibration table should be configured. The slides and coverslips used in fluorescence microscope must have a smooth surface, uniform thickness, and no autofluorescence. The thickness of the slide should be between 0.8~1.2mm. The thickness of the standard coverslip is about 0.17mm. If the slide is too thick, it will cause short-wave excitation light and fluorescence loss. If necessary, quartz glass slides can be used to increase the fluorescence transmittance. The tissue section or other specimen of the fluorescent specimen is usually about ≤10μm, should not be too thick, otherwise it will affect the excitation light penetrating the specimen, and excessive non-essential cell overlap or impurity masking will affect the observation effect of the objective lens on the upper part of the specimen. The sealant of the specimen must be colorless and transparent, without autofluorescence. The brightness of the fluorescence is brighter at pH 8.5~9.5, and it is not easy to fade quickly. Usually, glycerin can be used. When using dark-field fluorescence microscope or oil lens for observation, lens oil must be used, and it is best to use special non-fluorescent oil. Especially in the U and V-band excitation, the conventional cedar oil will have cyan fluorescence. Glycerin, liquid paraffin, etc. may also be used. Fluorescence Microscope Operation Precautions As the fluorescence is relatively dark, so the fluorescence microscope is best placed in a dark room, which also allows the human eye to adapt to the darkness for better observation effect. When lighting required, local lighting can be used. In addition, because some mercury lamps produce a great deal of heat, and some xenon lamps can generate a lot of ozone, and therefore good ventilation is required. Before use, open the packing list first, check the integrity and status of the parts and accessories, and operate according to the instructions. Before performing fluorescence observation, first check the condition of the lighting equipment of the fluorescent device, turn on the halogen light for illumination first, place a sample film, and do the lens focusing and centering the filament in advance. Then, check whether the fluorescence excitation filter and the emission filter are installed in the nosepiece, and whether the objective lens configuration is proper. If there is a phase contrast observation of transmitted light in the system, check the convergence axis of the condenser lens in advance, and whether the phase contrast ring plate and objective lens are matched correspondingly. Inspect the slides, coverslips, and other sample vessels, whether the thickness of the sample is within the range of the calibrated working distance of the objective lens, and whether there are liquid, smudges, dust and other interference. Because the illumination source contains ultraviolet light, avoid looking directly at the ultraviolet light source when the light source is adjusted. The fluorescence microscope should be equipped with a brown UV protection visor to prevent UV damage to the retina of the eyes. After the above inspection, place the specimen to be tested and turn on the high-pressure lamp source. When the high-pressure mercury lamp is fully lit, stop the excitation and then observe. Generally, after the high-pressure mercury lamp is turned on, the excitation light intensity tends to be stable in about 5-10 minutes, and reaches the brightest point in 15 minutes. The working time when the mercury lamp is turned on is preferably 1 hour each time. Exceeding 90 minutes, the excitation light intensity will gradually decrease and the fluorescence will be weakened. After 15 minutes of excitation of the specimen, the fluorescence will also be significantly attenuated. After the high-pressure mercury lamp is turned off, it cannot be re-opened immediately. I can be started again only after it is completely cooled. Otherwise, the mercury lamp will be unstable and affect the service life. After the mercury lamp is turned off, it takes at least 10 minutes to start again, so that the mercury vapor is cooled to the original state, otherwise the service life of the bulb will be affected. The power supply should be equipped with a voltage regulator, which will reduce the service life if the voltage is unstable. The excitation device of the fluorescence microscope and the high-pressure mercury lamp have a limited life span, and the specimens should be collectively inspected in batches so as to reduce the number and time of mercury lamp activation. First, observe with a low power objective lens, ensure that the specimen is located in the center of the entire illumination spot, and then gradually changed to high power observation. Under the premise of not affecting the resolution, the adjustment ring of the field diaphragm and of the numerical aperture diaphragm of the objective lens can be minimized as much as possible to reduce the excitation area, avoid the influence of stray light, and improve the depth of field. When observing the sample, in order to prevent the fluorescence of the sample from quenching due to excessive excitation of light illumination during the process of focusing and searching for the image, it is best to adjust the excitation light to a moderate intensity by first reducing the aperture diaphragm or using the ND filter. After finding the key feature points, adjust the fluorescence to the optimal brightness, and finally observe and take pictures. Long-time excitation light illumination of the specimen will cause the fluorescence to attenuate and disappear. Therefore, the specimen should be observed immediately after dying. If stored for too long, the fluorescence will gradually weaken until quenching. When not observed for a while, the excitation light path should be blocked by a visor. The dyed specimens can be wrapped in black paper, placed in a polyethylene plastic bag, and stored at a low temperature of about 4 °C, which can delay the quenching time of the fluorescence and prevent the sealing agent from evaporating. Before and after use, the grease and dust contaminating the lenses in front of the objective lens should be inspected and removed. Gently brush it with a soft brush. In the place where fingerprints and oil stains are present, use a soft, clean absorbent cotton, lens rubbing paper dipped in anhydrous ethanol (or methanol) to gently wipe clean, and wipe the oil stain on the surface of the objective lens with gasoline For more information on the use of fluorescence microscope, please refer to the Biological Microscope on the BoliOptics website. |
| Microscopes and components have two types of optical path design structures. One type is finite optical structural design, in which light passing through the objective lens is directed at the intermediate image plane (located in the front focal plane of the eyepiece) and converges at that point. The finite structure is an integrated design, with a compact structure, and it is a kind of economical microscope. Another type is infinite optical structural design, in which the light between the tube lens after passing the objective lens becomes "parallel light". Within this distance, various kinds of optical components necessary such as beam splitters or optical filters call be added, and at the same time, this kind of design has better imaging results. As the design is modular, it is also called modular microscope. The modular structure facilitates the addition of different imaging and lighting accessories in the middle of the system as required. The main components of infinite and finite, especially objective lens, are usually not interchangeable for use, and even if they can be imaged, the image quality will also have some defects. The separative two-objective lens structure of the dual-light path of stereo microscope (SZ/FS microscope) is also known as Greenough. Parallel optical microscope uses a parallel structure (PZ microscope), which is different from the separative two-object lens structure, and because its objective lens is one and the same, it is therefore also known as the CMO common main objective. |
| The magnification of the objective lens refers to the lateral magnification, it is the ratio of the image to the real size after the original image is magnified by the instrument. This multiple refers to the length or width of the magnified object. System optical magnification is the product of the eyepiece and the objective lens (objective lens zoom set) of the optical imaging part within the system. Optical magnification = eyepiece multiple X objective lens/objective lens set The maximum optical magnification of the microscope depends on the wavelength of the light to which the object is illuminated. The size of the object that can be observed must be greater than the wavelength of the light. Otherwise, the light cannot be reflected or transmitted, or recognized by the human eye. The shortest wavelength of ultraviolet light is 0.2 microns, so the resolution of the optical microscope in the visible range does not exceed 0.2 microns, or 200 nanometers. This size is converted to the magnification of the microscope, and it is the optical magnification of 2000X. Usually, the compound microscope can achieve 100X objective lens, the eyepiece is 20X, and the magnification can reach 2000X. If it is bigger, it will be called "invalid magnification", that is, the image is large, but the resolution is no longer increased, and no more details and information can be seen. |
| When the instrument is conducting electronic image magnification and observation through a camera or the like, the optically magnified portion may not be the optical path that passes through the "eyepiece-objective lens" of the instrument, at this time, the calculation method of the magnification is related to the third-party photo eyepiece passed. The trinocular optical magnification is equal to the multiplier product of objective lens (objective lens set) and the photo eyepiece Trinocular optical magnification = objective lens X photo eyepiece |
| Total magnification is the magnification of the observed object finally obtained by the instrument. This magnification is often the product of the optical magnification and the electronic magnification. When it is only optically magnified, the total magnification will be the optical magnification. Total magnification = optical magnification X electronic magnification Total magnification = (objective X photo eyepiece) X (display size / camera sensor target ) |
| Field of View, is also called FOV. The field of view, or FOV, refers to the size of the object plane (i.e., the plane of the point of the observed object perpendicular to the optical axis), or of its conjugate plane (i.e., object to primary image distance), represented by a line value. System field of view is the size of the actual diameter of the image of the terminal display device of the instrument, such as the size of the image in the eyepiece or in the display. Field of view number refers to the diameter of the field diaphragm of the objective lens, or the diameter of the image plane formed by the field diaphragm. Field of view number of objective lens = field of view number of eyepiece / (objective magnification / mechanical tube length) Large field of view makes it easy to observe the full view and more range of the observed object, but the field of view (FOV) is inversely proportional to the magnification and inversely proportional to the resolution, that is, the larger the field of view, the smaller the magnification, and also the lower the resolution of the object to be observed. There are usually two ways to increase the field of view, one is to replace with an objective lens of a smaller multiple, or to replace with an eyepiece of a smaller multiple. |
| The adjustable eyepiece is between the lens of the eyepiece and the focal plane, with distance adjustable device. For most people, their two eyes, the left and the right, have different vision. For adjustable eyepieces, the eyepoint height of the eyepiece can be adjusted to compensate for the difference in vision between the two eyes, making the image in the two eyes clear and consistent. The range of adjustment of the general eyepiece is that the diopter is plus or minus 5 degrees, and the maximum difference between the two eyepieces can reach 10 degrees. Before use, it is generally necessary to adjust both eyepieces to the initial position where the scale is displayed as 0, which is used as a baseline to facilitate up and down adjustment. The reticle position of the eyepiece is generally 10mm below the fixed position of the eyepiece tube. Because the vision of each person is different, some people may not be able to see the reticle clearly. For adjustable eyepiece, the height of the reticle position can be adjusted to make the reticle and the observed object clear at the same time, this is the advantage of adjustable eyepiece that mounts the diopter adjustment on the eyepiece tube compared with non-adjustable eyepiece. When non-adjustable eyepiece is equipped with a reticle, if the diopter is adjusted, the reticle will rotate accordingly, thereby affecting the position of the measurement. For adjustable eyepiece, when its diopter is adjusted, its reticle does not rotate. |
| Eyepiece optical magnification is the visual magnification of the virtual image after initial imaging through the eyepiece. When the human eye observes through the eyepiece, the ratio of the tangent of the angle of view of the image and the tangent of the angle of view of the human eye when viewing or observing the object directly at the reference viewing distance is usually calculated according to 250 mm/focal length of eyepiece. The standard configuration of a general microscope is a 10X eyepiece. Usually, the magnification of the eyepiece of compound microscope is 5X, 8X, 10X, 12.5X, 16X, 20X. As stereo microscope has a low total magnification, its eyepiece magnification generally does not use 5X, but can achieve 25X, 30X and other much bigger magnification. |
| The eyepiece field of view is the diameter of the field diaphragm of the eyepiece, or the diameter of the image plane of the field diaphragm imaged by the field diaphragm. The diameter of a large field of view can increase the viewing range, and see more detail in the field of view. However, if the field of view is too large, the spherical aberration and distortion around the eyepiece will increase, and the stray light around the field of view will affect the imaging effect. |
| Eye point refers to the axial distance between the upper end of the metal frame of the eyepiece and the exit of pupil. The exit of pupil distance of high eyepoint eyepiece is farther than that of the eye lens of the ordinary eyepiece. When this distance is greater than or equal to 18mm, it is a high eyepoint eyepiece. When observing, one does not need to be too close to the eyepiece lens, making it comfort to observe, and it can also be viewed with glasses. Generally, there is a glasses logo on the eyepiece, indicating that it is a high eyepoint eyepiece. |
| The finite objective is the lateral magnification of the primary image formed by the objective at a prescribed distance. Infinite objective is the lateral magnification of the real image produced by the combination of the objective and the tube lens. Infinite objective magnification = tube lens focal length (mm) / objective focal length (mm) Lateral magnification of the image, that is, the ratio of the size of the image to the size of the object. The larger the magnification of the objective, the higher the resolution, the smaller the corresponding field of view, and the shorter the working distance. |
| In the case of polychromatic light imaging, the aberration caused by the light of different wavelengths becomes chromatic aberration. Achromatic aberration is to correct the axial chromatic aberration to the two line spectra (C line, F line); apochromatic aberration is to correct the three line spectra (C line, D line, F line). The objective is designed according to the achromaticity and the flatness of the field of view. It can be divided into the following categories. Achromatic objective: achromatic objective has corrected the chromatic aberration, spherical aberration, and comatic aberration. The chromatic portion of the achromatic objective has corrected only red and green, so when using achromatic objective, yellow-green filters are often used to reduce aberrations. The aberration of the achromatic objective in the center of the field of view is basically corrected, and as its structure is simple, the cost is low, it is commonly used in a microscope. Semi-plan achromatic objective: in addition to meeting the requirements of achromatic objective, the curvature of field and astigmatism of the objective should also be properly corrected. Plan achromatic objective: in addition to meeting the requirements of achromatic objectives, the curvature of field and astigmatism of the objective should also be well corrected. The plan objective provides a very good correction of the image plane curvature in the field of view of the objective, making the entire field of view smooth and easy to observe, especially in measurement it has achieved a more accurate effect. Plan semi-apochromatic objective: in addition to meeting the requirements of plan achromatic objective, it is necessary to well correct the secondary spectrum of the objective (the axial chromatic aberration of the C line and the F line). Plan apochromatic objective: in addition to meeting the requirements of plan achromatic objective, it is necessary to very well correct the tertiary spectrum of the objective (the axial chromatic aberration of the C line, the D line and the F line) and spherochromatic aberration. The apochromatic aberration has corrected the chromatic aberration in the range of red, green and purple (basically the entire visible light), and there is basically no limitation on the imaging effect of the light source. Generally, the apochromatic aberration is used in a high magnification objective. |
| Zoom ratio is the ratio of the maximum magnification / the minimum magnification. Expressed as 1: (ratio of maximum magnification / minimum magnification). If the maximum magnification is 4.5X, the minimum magnification is 0.7X, then the zoom ratio = 4.5 / 0.7 = 6.4, the zoom ratio will be 1:6.4. Zoom ratio is obtained by the intermediate magnification group of the microscope. When the magnification is increased or decreased by using other objective lenses, the zoom ratio does not change accordingly. |
| When microscope body changes the magnification, it is realized by adjusting the horizontally placed zoom knob. Because the knob is relatively small, it is therefore easier to zoom and the image is stable. For most of the dual stereo microscopes, magnification is realized by adjusting the zoom drum or nosepiece below. When the nosepiece is relatively big, frequent operation is more laborious. Magnifying while observing, the microscope may shake, thereby causing eye discomfort for observation. Using zoom drum or nosepiece type microscope, if there is a ring light under the microscope, the ring light carries the wire, and when magnification conversion is often required, the ring light and the wire will swing along with the magnification, which makes the operation inconvenient. This situation will not occur to zoom with two horizontal knobs. |
| Throughout the focusing range, the track stand moves up and down along the guide rail through the focusing mechanism to achieve the purpose of focusing the microscope. This kind of structure is relatively stable, and the microscope is always kept moving up and down vertically along a central axis. When the focus is adjusted, it is not easy to shake, and there is no free sliding phenomenon. It is a relatively common and safe and reliable accessory. The size of the stand is generally small, flexible and convenient, and most of them are placed on the table for use, Therefore, together with the post stand, it is also called “desktop or table top stand". With regard to the height of the stand, most manufacturers usually do not make it very high. If the guide rail is long, it is easy to deform, and relatively more difficult . |
| EPI-fluorescence kit, also known as the incidence fluorescence kit or reflection fluorescence kit. It is an accessory device that excites and emits fluorescence for fluorescent microscope illumination, forming an illumination system that consists an illumination source that can emit ultraviolet light, a configured fluorescent condenser, and filters for excitation and emission of fluorescence etc. Fluorescence microscope requires a complete set of filters. The fluorescence excitation block is the core component used to excite fluorescent specimens and observe fluorescence in a fluorescence microscope. The excitation and emission filters, after combination, are placed in a filter cube. When the user replaces the filter, it is relatively convenient. The component consisting of several filter blocks in the excitation module includes: Exciter filter: selects the light that passes through a certain wave band to excite the specimen to produce fluorescence. Dichroic mirror (commonly known as a mirror): set at a 45-degree angle in the cube, reflect the excitation light downwards and transmit the fluorescent upwards. Barrier filter: transmit the emitted light, that is, fluorescence, and at the same time block the reflected light in the various stray light and excitation light. Fluorescence is excited by light of a specific wavelength, and the emitted light that is excited has also a specific wavelength. Therefore, it is necessary to select suitable excitation blocks (mainly selecting the light wavelength parameters of excitation light filter, dichroic mirror and barrier filter). The excitation module is generally named after the basic color tone. The first letter represents the excitation spectrum region of the wavelength, that is, the color tone. For example, UV represents ultraviolet light, V represents violet, B represents blue, and G represents green. The subsequent letter represents the glass, and the numbers represent the model features. For example, BG12 is a kind of blue glass, B is the first letter of blue, and G is the first letter of glass. |
| What the camera outputs are digital signals, which are output to the computer via the USB adapter. There are two kinds of popular USB adapters popular on the market, namely USB2.0 and USB3.0. Both kinds of adapters need different data lines to work. |
| CMOS, or complementary metal oxide semiconductor. Both CMOS and CCD sensors have their own respective advantages and disadvantages. As a kind of photoelectric conversion sensor, among the current cameras, CMOS is relatively more widely used. |
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| The size of the CCD and CMOS image sensors is the size of the photosensitive device. The larger the area of the photosensitive device, the larger the CCD/CMOS area; the more photons are captured, the better the photographic performance; the higher the signal-to-noise ratio, the larger the photosensitive area, and the better the imaging effect. The size of the image sensor needs to match the size of the microscope's photographic eyepiece; otherwise, black borders or dark corners will appear within the field of view of observation. |
| The pixel is determined by the number of photosensitive elements on the photoelectric sensor of the camera, and one photosensitive element corresponds to one pixel. Therefore, the more photosensitive elements, the larger the number of pixels; the better the imaging quality of the camera, and the higher the corresponding cost. The pixel unit is one, for example, 1.3 million pixels means 1.3 million pixels points, expressed as 1.3MP (Megapixels). |
| Resolution of the camera refers to the number of pixels accommodated within unit area of the image sensor of the camera. Image resolution is not represented by area, but by the number of pixels accommodated within the unit length of the rectangular side. The unit of length is generally represented by inch. |
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| Digital signals output: USB 2.0, USB3.0; 15 Pin VGA; Firewire Port; HDMI; VGA; Camera Link etc. Analog signal output: BNC; RCA; Y-C etc. In addition, some cameras store and output images in the form of a memory card. Usually, industrial cameras often have several output modes on one camera for convenience purposes. |
| Industrial camera adapters are usually available in three types: 1. C-Mount: 1" diameter with 32 threads per inch, flange back intercept 17.5mm. 2. CS-Mount: 1" diameter with 32 threads per inch, flange back intercept 12.5mm. CS-Mount can be converted to a C-Mount through a 5mm spacer, C-mount industrial camera cannot use the CS-mount lens. 3. F-Mount: F-mount is the adapter standard of Nikon lens, also known as Nikon mouth, usually used on large-sized sensor cameras, the flange back intercept is 46.5mm. |
| Frame rate is the number of output of frames per second, FPS or Hertz for short. The number of frames per second (fps) or frame rate represents the number of times the graphics process is updated per second. Due to the physiological structure of the human eye, when the frame rate of the picture is higher than 16fps, it is considered to be coherent, and high frame rate can make the image frame more smooth and realistic. Some industrial inspection camera applications also require a much higher frame rate to meet certain specific needs. The higher the resolution of the camera, the lower the frame rate. Therefore, this should be taken into consideration during their selection. When needing to take static or still images, you often need a large resolution. When needing to operate under the microscope, or shooting dynamic images, frame rate should be first considered. In order to solve this problem, the general industrial camera design is to display the maximum frame rate and relatively smaller resolution when viewing; when shooting, the maximum resolution should be used; and some cameras need to set in advance different shooting resolutions when taking pictures, so as to achieve the best results. |
| White balance is an indicator that describes the precision of white color generated in the image when the three primary colors of red, green and blue are mixed, which accurately reflects the color condition of the subject. There are manual white balance and automatic white balance. White balance of the camera is to "restore white objects to white color under any light source." The chromatic aberration phenomenon occurred under different light sources is compensated by enhancing the corresponding complementary color. Automatic white balance can generally be used, but under certain conditions if the hue is not ideal, options of other white balance may be selected. |
| Camera crosshairs refers to the preset reference line within the camera, which is used to calibrate various positions on the display. The most commonly used is the crosshair, which is to determine the center position of the camera image, and it is very important in measurement. Some cameras also have multiple crosshairs that can be moved to quickly detect and calibrate the size of the object being viewed. Some crosshairs can also change color to adapt to different viewing backgrounds. |
| After unpacking, carefully inspect the various random accessories and parts in the package to avoid omissions. In order to save space and ensure safety of components, some components will be placed outside the inner packaging box, so be careful of their inspection. For special packaging, it is generally after opening the box, all packaging boxes, protective foam, plastic bags should be kept for a period of time. If there is a problem during the return period, you can return or exchange the original. After the return period (usually 10-30 days, according to the manufacturer’s Instruction of Terms of Service), these packaging boxes may be disposed of if there is no problem. |
| Microscope Optical Data Sheet | ||||
| P/N | Objective | Objective Working Distance | Eyepiece | |
| Nexcope-NSZ818-Trinocular (10X Dia. 23mm) | ||||
| Magnification | Field of View(mm) | |||
| Nexcope-NSZ818-Trinocular | 1X | 10X | 23mm | |
| 1. Magnification=Objective Optical Magnification * Body Magnification * Eyepiece Optical Magnification | ||||
| 2. Field of View=Eyepiece Field of View /（Objective Optical Magnification*Body Magnification） | ||||
| 3. The Darker background items are Standard items, the white background items are optional items. | ||||
| Camera Image Sensor Specifications | |||
| No. | Camera Image Sensor Size | Camera image Sensor Diagonal | |
| （mm） | （inch） | ||
| 1 | 1/4 in. | 4mm | 0.157" |
| 2 | 1/3 in. | 6mm | 0.236" |
| 3 | 1/2.8 in. | 6.592mm | 0.260" |
| 4 | 1/2.86 in. | 6.592mm | 0.260" |
| 5 | 1/2.7 in. | 6.718mm | 0.264" |
| 6 | 1/2.5 in. | 7.182mm | 0.283" |
| 7 | 1/2.3 in. | 7.7mm | 0.303" |
| 8 | 1/2.33 in. | 7.7mm | 0.303" |
| 9 | 1/2 in. | 8mm | 0.315" |
| 10 | 1/1.9 in. | 8.933mm | 0.352" |
| 11 | 1/1.8 in. | 8.933mm | 0.352" |
| 12 | 1/1.7 in. | 9.5mm | 0.374" |
| 13 | 2/3 in. | 11mm | 0.433" |
| 14 | 1/1.2 in. | 12.778mm | 0.503" |
| 15 | 1 in. | 16mm | 0.629" |
| 16 | 1/1.1 in. | 17.475mm | 0.688" |
| Contains | |||||||||||||
| Parts Including | |||||||||||||
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