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| Optical System | Infinite |
| System Optical Magnification | 40-600X |
| Trinocular Optical Magnification | 2.68-40.2X |
| Total Magnification | 40-600X |
| Standard Eyepiece | 10X High Eyepoint Eyepiece |
| Standard Objective | 4X 10X 20X 40X 60X Infinity Plan Fluorescence Objective |
| Standard Coupler | 0.67X |
| System Field of View | Dia. 0.22-5.5mm |
| Upright / Inverted | Inverted |
| 4X Infinity Plan Long Working Distance Achromatic Fluorescence Objective | |
| Objective Optical System | Infinite |
| Objective Optical Magnification | 4X |
| Objective Working Distance | 19.72mm |
| Numerical Aperture (N.A.) | N.A. 0.13 |
| 10X Infinity Plan Long Working Distance Achromatic Fluorescence Objective | |
| Objective Optical System | Infinite |
| Objective Optical Magnification | 10X |
| Objective Working Distance | 8.3mm |
| Numerical Aperture (N.A.) | N.A. 0.30 |
| 20X Infinity Plan Long Working Distance Achromatic Fluorescence Objective | |
| Objective Optical System | Infinite |
| Objective Optical Magnification | 20X |
| Objective Working Distance | 7.1mm |
| Numerical Aperture (N.A.) | N.A. 0.45 |
| 40X Infinity Plan Long Working Distance Achromatic Fluorescence Objective | |
| Objective Optical System | Infinite |
| Objective Optical Magnification | 40X |
| Objective Working Distance | 2.8mm |
| Numerical Aperture (N.A.) | N.A. 0.65 |
| 60X Infinity Plan Long Working Distance Achromatic Fluorescence Objective | |
| Objective Optical System | Infinite |
| Objective Optical Magnification | 60X |
| Objective Working Distance | 2.2mm |
| Numerical Aperture (N.A.) | N.A. 0.75 |
| Inward/Outward Nosepiece | Nosepiece Inward |
| Number of Holes on Nosepiece | Quintuple (5) Holes |
| Nosepiece Switch Mode | Manual |
| Base Type | Illumination Base |
| Base Shape | T-shape |
| Focus Mode | Manual |
| Coarse/Fine Focus Type | Coaxial Coarse/Fine Focus |
| Focus Distance | 9mm |
| Fine Focus Travel Distance | Same as Focus Distance |
| Fine Focus Distance per Rotation | 0.2mm |
| Fine Focus Minimum Scale | 2μm |
| Focusing Knob Tightness Adjustable | Tightness Adjustable |
| XY Stage Travel Distance | 120x75mm |
| XY-Axis Drive Mode | Manual |
| Stage Platform Dimensions | 250x160mm |
| Illumination Type | HM Dual Illuminated Light |
| Top Illumination Type | Halogen Light |
| Bottom Illumination Type | Mercury Light |
| Aperture Diaphragm Mounting Position | Vertical Illuminator |
| Field Diaphragm Mounting Position | Vertical Illuminator |
| Number of Filter Slots | 1 |
| Filter Switch Type | Plug Type |
| Fluorescence Lamp House Light Source Type | Mercury Light |
| Fluorescence Lamp House Input Voltage | DC 20V |
| Fluorescence Lamp House Output Power | 100W |
| Excitation Filter Type | UV B G V |
| Number of Excitation Filters | 4 |
| Exciting Filter Cube | 4 Pieces |
| Excitation Filter Switch Type | User-Changeable Excitation Filter Modules |
| Power Box Panel Meter Display | Digital Panel Meter |
| Power Box Cooling System | Fan Cooling system |
| Power Cord Connector Type | USA 3 Pins |
| Power Cable Length | 1.8m |
| Input Voltage | AC 100-240V 50/60Hz |
| Power Cord Connector Type | USA 3 Pins |
| Power Cable Length | 1.8m |
| Surface Treatment | Spray Paint |
| Material | Metal |
| Color | White |
| FM0513 | FM05130313 |
Technical Info
| A fluorescence microscope is a microscope that uses ultraviolet light as a light source to illuminate an object to be observed to make it emit fluorescence, and able to observe information on the position, shape, and structure of the fluorescent portion of the object. Some substances in nature can fluoresce themselves when exposed to ultraviolet light. Some substances cannot fluoresce themselves, but they can also fluoresce after being dyed with fluorescent materials. Fluorescence microscope is an important tool for studying cytology. It is widely used in scientific research and teaching fields such as medicine, polymer structure, and luminescent materials research, and so on. The most important feature of the fluorescence microscope is that it has an illumination source that can emit ultraviolet light, forming a lighting system with the configured fluorescence condenser and filters that are designed for excitation and acceptance of fluorescence. Fluorescent light sources generally use mercury or metal halide lamps, as well as high-power LEDs or laser sources. The ultraviolet light emitted by the light source has a shorter wavelength and thus has a higher resolution. Generally, the high-pressure mercury lamp has a continuous spectrum and a large irradiation intensity, making it a relatively ideal fluorescent microscope source; the xenon lamp has stable intensity in the visible light spectrum range and higher intensity in the infrared band than the mercury lamp, but has certain defects in the ultraviolet band. High-power LED light source cannot provide continuous band spectrum, but has advantages in the range of specific wavelengths, there is no need to preheat, start up and use, has long service life and low labor maintenance cost. So when choosing a light source, you need to understand the characteristics of the light source to match the specific application. Halogen lamps have a narrower range of excitation light wavelengths and can only be concentrated in certain specific wavelengths, such as blue light, so applications are less. Fluorescence microscope can use transmitted light and reflection light for illumination. It can also be installed with a dark field device to become a dark field fluorescence microscope. A phase contrast accessory can be added to form a phase contrast fluorescent microscope, or an interference device can be added to become a fluorescent interference microscope. Reflection light is also commonly called incidence light fluorescence microscope, also known as the EPI-Fluorescence Microscope. The illumination source and the excitation light are passed through the same objective lens. The excitation light path does not pass through the slide as it is directly irradiated onto the specimen, with small excitation light loss and high fluorescence efficiency. The illumination path of the transmitted light fluorescence microscope needs to pass through the slide. In order to reduce the loss of the excitation light, the transmissive fluorescence microscope should use quartz glass slides and coverslips. Because, as consumables, quartz slides are expensive, people prefer to use an EPI-fluorescence microscope. The inverted fluorescence microscope is composed of fluorescent accessories and an inverted microscope. The objective lens and the condenser have a long working distance, and can directly observe and study the object in the culture dish, characterized by microscopic observation in a culture flask or petri dish, mainly used for fluorescence of living tissues such as cells, and are suitable for microscopic observation of tissue culture, in vitro cell culture, plankton, food inspection, etc. in the fields of biology and medicine. Fluorescence microscope systems require the use of two sets of filters for both excitation and emission (Emission) processes. 1. Excitation: After the light source emits light, it first enters the incident light filter, filters out the visible light, and only retains the wavelength portion for exciting the sample, therefore the incident light filter is called an exciter filter. 2. Then, the excitation light is directed vertically to the objective lens through the dichroic lens or a reflector, and then to the specimen through the objective lens, so that the specimen is excited to generate fluorescence and, at this point, the objective lens directly functions as a condenser. 3. The fluorescence, after excitation, is reflected back through the objective lens to the dichroic lens and the barrier filter to block other light except the wavelength of the emitted light from the sample (i.e., the fluorescent portion), so that the observer observes through the eyepiece or the camera to form image. The barrier filter can also filter out the ultraviolet rays between the eyepiece and the objective lens to protect the observer's eyes. The reflective layer on the reflector of fluorescent microscopes is generally aluminized. Aluminum absorbs less ultraviolet and visible light in the blue-violet region and reflects more than 90%, while silver reflects only 70%. The condenser of the fluorescence microscope is made of quartz glass or glass that can transmit ultraviolet light. It can use bright field condensers and dark field condenser, and there is also the phase contrast fluorescent condensers. The bright field condenser has strong condensing power, convenient to use, and is suitable for low and medium multiple power observation. The dark field condenser can produce a dark background because the excitation light does not directly enter the objective lens, thereby enhancing the brightness and contrast of the fluorescent image, capable of observing the fluorescent fine particles that cannot be distinguished by the bright field. The phase contrast fluorescent condenser needs to be used together with the phase contrast accessories and the phase contrast objective lens to observe the phase contrast and the fluorescence effect at the same time. It can see both the fluorescence image and the phase difference image, which helps the accurate positioning of the fluorescent structure. Ordinary fluorescence microscopes can adopt various kinds of conventional objective lenses. As the more the number of lenses of the objective lens, the greater the loss of fluorescence, and in particular, the apochromatic objective lens contains quartz and other components, which can spontaneously fluoresce to form interference, therefore, the general use of flat field achromatic objective lens can already achieve very good results. The fluorescence brightness in the field of view of the microscope is proportional to the square of the numerical aperture of the objective lens, and inversely proportional to the magnification. For specimens with insufficient fluorescence, in order to improve the brightness of the fluorescence image, an objective lens with a large numerical aperture should be used, especially when using high power microscope for observation, it is often necessary to use a dedicated high-magnification fluorescent objective to provide excellent chromatic aberration correction and image quality. Fluorescence Microscope Camera and Image A fluorescence microscope camera can be connected to a fluorescence microscope to form a fluorescence microscope imaging system. The fluorescence image seen by the fluorescence microscope has both the morphological features, the fluorescent color and brightness and other features, and the two need to be combined for comprehensive judgment. The brightness of the fluorescence is relatively weak, and it usually requires the camera to have high sensitivity to low light and signal capture ability in order to obtain a good fluorescence image. The camera can adjust the focus with a brighter fluorescent area. Adjust and set the exposure compensation according to the distribution ratio of the fluorescent image in the photometric area and the brightness of the image. Generally, it is necessary to increase the exposure compensation appropriately to obtain a bright and vivid fluorescent image on a dark background. The camera needs to adopt the appropriate fluorescence shooting mode, do the appropriate background subtraction processing, and set the appropriate parameters, such as Binning, Gain, Gamma, etc., so that the exposure time and gain can be maximized by software control. Fluorescence microscope can also use a fluorescent cold-cooling camera to reduce noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the image. Especially in low light conditions, using dark field illumination, or under chemiluminescence conditions, long time exposure is required. Using a cooling camera can reduce the dark current noise and obtain a clearer image. In the weaker fluorescence field of view, in order to obtain a better contrast image, appropriate adjustments should be made to reduce the fluorescence aperture diaphragm so as to obtain images with large depth of field, or use a neutral density filter (ND for short). When shooting with a high power or magnification objective, any vibration should be avoided, and it is best that an anti-vibration table should be configured. The slides and coverslips used in fluorescence microscope must have a smooth surface, uniform thickness, and no autofluorescence. The thickness of the slide should be between 0.8~1.2mm. The thickness of the standard coverslip is about 0.17mm. If the slide is too thick, it will cause short-wave excitation light and fluorescence loss. If necessary, quartz glass slides can be used to increase the fluorescence transmittance. The tissue section or other specimen of the fluorescent specimen is usually about ≤10μm, should not be too thick, otherwise it will affect the excitation light penetrating the specimen, and excessive non-essential cell overlap or impurity masking will affect the observation effect of the objective lens on the upper part of the specimen. The sealant of the specimen must be colorless and transparent, without autofluorescence. The brightness of the fluorescence is brighter at pH 8.5~9.5, and it is not easy to fade quickly. Usually, glycerin can be used. When using dark-field fluorescence microscope or oil lens for observation, lens oil must be used, and it is best to use special non-fluorescent oil. Especially in the U and V-band excitation, the conventional cedar oil will have cyan fluorescence. Glycerin, liquid paraffin, etc. may also be used. Fluorescence Microscope Operation Precautions As the fluorescence is relatively dark, so the fluorescence microscope is best placed in a dark room, which also allows the human eye to adapt to the darkness for better observation effect. When lighting required, local lighting can be used. In addition, because some mercury lamps produce a great deal of heat, and some xenon lamps can generate a lot of ozone, and therefore good ventilation is required. Before use, open the packing list first, check the integrity and status of the parts and accessories, and operate according to the instructions. Before performing fluorescence observation, first check the condition of the lighting equipment of the fluorescent device, turn on the halogen light for illumination first, place a sample film, and do the lens focusing and centering the filament in advance. Then, check whether the fluorescence excitation filter and the emission filter are installed in the nosepiece, and whether the objective lens configuration is proper. If there is a phase contrast observation of transmitted light in the system, check the convergence axis of the condenser lens in advance, and whether the phase contrast ring plate and objective lens are matched correspondingly. Inspect the slides, coverslips, and other sample vessels, whether the thickness of the sample is within the range of the calibrated working distance of the objective lens, and whether there are liquid, smudges, dust and other interference. Because the illumination source contains ultraviolet light, avoid looking directly at the ultraviolet light source when the light source is adjusted. The fluorescence microscope should be equipped with a brown UV protection visor to prevent UV damage to the retina of the eyes. After the above inspection, place the specimen to be tested and turn on the high-pressure lamp source. When the high-pressure mercury lamp is fully lit, stop the excitation and then observe. Generally, after the high-pressure mercury lamp is turned on, the excitation light intensity tends to be stable in about 5-10 minutes, and reaches the brightest point in 15 minutes. The working time when the mercury lamp is turned on is preferably 1 hour each time. Exceeding 90 minutes, the excitation light intensity will gradually decrease and the fluorescence will be weakened. After 15 minutes of excitation of the specimen, the fluorescence will also be significantly attenuated. After the high-pressure mercury lamp is turned off, it cannot be re-opened immediately. I can be started again only after it is completely cooled. Otherwise, the mercury lamp will be unstable and affect the service life. After the mercury lamp is turned off, it takes at least 10 minutes to start again, so that the mercury vapor is cooled to the original state, otherwise the service life of the bulb will be affected. The power supply should be equipped with a voltage regulator, which will reduce the service life if the voltage is unstable. The excitation device of the fluorescence microscope and the high-pressure mercury lamp have a limited life span, and the specimens should be collectively inspected in batches so as to reduce the number and time of mercury lamp activation. First, observe with a low power objective lens, ensure that the specimen is located in the center of the entire illumination spot, and then gradually changed to high power observation. Under the premise of not affecting the resolution, the adjustment ring of the field diaphragm and of the numerical aperture diaphragm of the objective lens can be minimized as much as possible to reduce the excitation area, avoid the influence of stray light, and improve the depth of field. When observing the sample, in order to prevent the fluorescence of the sample from quenching due to excessive excitation of light illumination during the process of focusing and searching for the image, it is best to adjust the excitation light to a moderate intensity by first reducing the aperture diaphragm or using the ND filter. After finding the key feature points, adjust the fluorescence to the optimal brightness, and finally observe and take pictures. Long-time excitation light illumination of the specimen will cause the fluorescence to attenuate and disappear. Therefore, the specimen should be observed immediately after dying. If stored for too long, the fluorescence will gradually weaken until quenching. When not observed for a while, the excitation light path should be blocked by a visor. The dyed specimens can be wrapped in black paper, placed in a polyethylene plastic bag, and stored at a low temperature of about 4 °C, which can delay the quenching time of the fluorescence and prevent the sealing agent from evaporating. Before and after use, the grease and dust contaminating the lenses in front of the objective lens should be inspected and removed. Gently brush it with a soft brush. In the place where fingerprints and oil stains are present, use a soft, clean absorbent cotton, lens rubbing paper dipped in anhydrous ethanol (or methanol) to gently wipe clean, and wipe the oil stain on the surface of the objective lens with gasoline For more information on the use of fluorescence microscope, please refer to the Biological Microscope on the BoliOptics website. |
| Microscopes and components have two types of optical path design structures. One type is finite optical structural design, in which light passing through the objective lens is directed at the intermediate image plane (located in the front focal plane of the eyepiece) and converges at that point. The finite structure is an integrated design, with a compact structure, and it is a kind of economical microscope. Another type is infinite optical structural design, in which the light between the tube lens after passing the objective lens becomes "parallel light". Within this distance, various kinds of optical components necessary such as beam splitters or optical filters call be added, and at the same time, this kind of design has better imaging results. As the design is modular, it is also called modular microscope. The modular structure facilitates the addition of different imaging and lighting accessories in the middle of the system as required. The main components of infinite and finite, especially objective lens, are usually not interchangeable for use, and even if they can be imaged, the image quality will also have some defects. The separative two-objective lens structure of the dual-light path of stereo microscope (SZ/FS microscope) is also known as Greenough. Parallel optical microscope uses a parallel structure (PZ microscope), which is different from the separative two-object lens structure, and because its objective lens is one and the same, it is therefore also known as the CMO common main objective. |
| The magnification of the objective lens refers to the lateral magnification, it is the ratio of the image to the real size after the original image is magnified by the instrument. This multiple refers to the length or width of the magnified object. System optical magnification is the product of the eyepiece and the objective lens (objective lens zoom set) of the optical imaging part within the system. Optical magnification = eyepiece multiple X objective lens/objective lens set The maximum optical magnification of the microscope depends on the wavelength of the light to which the object is illuminated. The size of the object that can be observed must be greater than the wavelength of the light. Otherwise, the light cannot be reflected or transmitted, or recognized by the human eye. The shortest wavelength of ultraviolet light is 0.2 microns, so the resolution of the optical microscope in the visible range does not exceed 0.2 microns, or 200 nanometers. This size is converted to the magnification of the microscope, and it is the optical magnification of 2000X. Usually, the compound microscope can achieve 100X objective lens, the eyepiece is 20X, and the magnification can reach 2000X. If it is bigger, it will be called "invalid magnification", that is, the image is large, but the resolution is no longer increased, and no more details and information can be seen. |
| When the instrument is conducting electronic image magnification and observation through a camera or the like, the optically magnified portion may not be the optical path that passes through the "eyepiece-objective lens" of the instrument, at this time, the calculation method of the magnification is related to the third-party photo eyepiece passed. The trinocular optical magnification is equal to the multiplier product of objective lens (objective lens set) and the photo eyepiece Trinocular optical magnification = objective lens X photo eyepiece |
| Total magnification is the magnification of the observed object finally obtained by the instrument. This magnification is often the product of the optical magnification and the electronic magnification. When it is only optically magnified, the total magnification will be the optical magnification. Total magnification = optical magnification X electronic magnification Total magnification = (objective X photo eyepiece) X (display size / camera sensor target ) |
| Field of View, is also called FOV. The field of view, or FOV, refers to the size of the object plane (i.e., the plane of the point of the observed object perpendicular to the optical axis), or of its conjugate plane (i.e., object to primary image distance), represented by a line value. System field of view is the size of the actual diameter of the image of the terminal display device of the instrument, such as the size of the image in the eyepiece or in the display. Field of view number refers to the diameter of the field diaphragm of the objective lens, or the diameter of the image plane formed by the field diaphragm. Field of view number of objective lens = field of view number of eyepiece / (objective magnification / mechanical tube length) Large field of view makes it easy to observe the full view and more range of the observed object, but the field of view (FOV) is inversely proportional to the magnification and inversely proportional to the resolution, that is, the larger the field of view, the smaller the magnification, and also the lower the resolution of the object to be observed. There are usually two ways to increase the field of view, one is to replace with an objective lens of a smaller multiple, or to replace with an eyepiece of a smaller multiple. |
| The main difference between an inverted microscope and an upright microscope is that the objective lens of the inverted microscope is located below the stage and is viewed or observed from the bottom up, while the objective lens of the upright microscope is located above the stage on which the sample is placed, and is viewed or observed from the top down. The light source of inverted microscopes is generally divided into two forms, one is transmitted light source inverted microscope, and the other is reflection light source inverted microscope. When observing the petri dish, the focal length of the objective lens of the inverted compound microscope should be longer than that of the upright microscope and be able to pass through the glass thickness of the vessel glass, and the oil lens cannot be used. The focal length of the condenser of the inverted microscope is longer than that of the ordinary upright microscope. The inverted microscope has a longer and more complicated optical path design. It is suitable for observing adhering or suspending cells and substances in some culture dishes, culture flasks, hanging drop culture plates, and solution vessels in medicine and biology; in addition, when some of the observed objects are bulky and heavy, or the metal observation surface is not proper to be upright or fixed placed, inverted observation will be easy to use; the inverted microscope has lower requirements for sample preparation, no requirement for sample height, convenient and rapid for testing, and also facilitates processing and operation of the sample. Oil lens are generally not recommended for inverted microscopes, because lens oil tends to flow down the objective lens, and is difficult to operate. Moreover, in an inverted microscope, the working distance of a high-magnification objective lens is generally also very short. |
| The finite objective is the lateral magnification of the primary image formed by the objective at a prescribed distance. Infinite objective is the lateral magnification of the real image produced by the combination of the objective and the tube lens. Infinite objective magnification = tube lens focal length (mm) / objective focal length (mm) Lateral magnification of the image, that is, the ratio of the size of the image to the size of the object. The larger the magnification of the objective, the higher the resolution, the smaller the corresponding field of view, and the shorter the working distance. |
| The objective working distance is the vertical distance from the foremost surface end of the objective of the microscope to the object surface to be observed. Generally, the greater the magnification, the higher the resolution of the objective, and the smaller the working distance, the smaller the field of view. Conversely, the smaller the magnification, the lower the resolution of the objective, and the greater the working distance, and greater the field of view. High-magnification objectives (such as 80X and 100X objectives) have a very short working distance. Be very careful when focusing for observation. Generally, it is after the objective is in position, the axial limit protection is locked, then the objective is moved away from the direction of the observed object. The relatively greater working distance leaves a relatively large space between the objective and the object to be observed. It is suitable for under microscope operation, and it is also easier to use more illumination methods. The defect is that it may reduce the numerical aperture of the objective, thereby reducing the resolution. |
| Numerical aperture, N.A. for short, is the product of the sinusoidal function value of the opening or solid angle of the beam reflected or refracted from the object into the mouth of the objective and the refractive index of the medium between the front lens of the objective and the object. Simply speaking, it is the magnitude of the luminous flux that can be brought in to the mouth of the objective adapter, the closer the objective to the specimen for observation, the greater the solid angle of the beam entering the mouth of the objective adapter, the greater the N.A. value, and the higher the resolution of the objective. When the mouth of the objective adapter is unchanged and the working distance between the objective and the specimen is constant, the refractive index of the medium will be of certain meaning. For example, the refractive index of air is 1, water is 1.33, and cedar oil is 1.515, therefore, when using an aqueous medium or cedar oil, a greater N.A. value can be obtained, thereby improving the resolution of the objective. Formula is： N.A. = refractive index of the medium X sin solid angle of the beam of the object entering the front lens frame of the objective/ 2 Numerical aperture of the objective. Usually, there is a calculation method for the magnification of the microscope. That is, the magnification of the microscope cannot exceed 1000X of the objective. For example, the numerical aperture of a 100X objective is 1.25, when using a 10X eyepiece, the total magnification is 1000X, far below 1.25 X 1000 = 1250X, then the image seen in the eyepiece is relatively clear; if a 20X eyepiece is used, the total magnification will reach 2000X, much higher than 1250X, then eventhoughthe image actually seen by the 20X eyepiece is relatively large, the effect will be relatively poor. |
| Illumination base is a modular light source component, suitable for microscope stand base that has no light source of itself, and it is usually dedicated components supporting some stands. Illumination base typically includes at least one bottom lighting, and there are also illumination base that includes the circuit portion of the upper light source. |
| Focus mechanism, the coarse / fine focus knobs are in a coaxial center position, they are connected together by a gear reduction mechanism, which can be coarse/ fine focus adjusted at any time during the entire stroke. Generally, the coarse focus diameter is relatively big, which is inside close to the body of the microscope, and the fine focus diameter is relatively small, which is outside of the body of the microscope. Coarse focus adjustment is used to quickly move to find the image, and the fine focus adjustment is used to finely adjust the clarity of the image. Generally, the minimum read value of the fine focus adjustment can be accurate to 1 micron, and single circle can reach a stroke of 0.1 mm. Mechanical fine focus plays a very important role in the accuracy of the microscope resolution. If the fine focus accuracy is not enough, or cannot be stabilized at the sharpest focusing position, the image will be out of focus and become blurred. The tightness of coarse focus is generally adjustable. Generally, on one side of the knob (usually on the right side), there is a textured knob on the inside of the coarse knob, which is tightened if rotated clockwise; and loosened if rotated counterclockwise. In the process of focusing, direct focusing should not be on the objective of high magnification; instead, find the object of low magnification first, and gradually adjust to high magnification. Usually, the coarse focus knob is rotated first, and when the objective lens is gradually lowered or the platform is gradually rising, find the object, and then adjust with the fine focus, until the object image in the field of view is clear. Generally, when changing from low magnification to high magnification objective, one only need to slightly adjust the fine focus knob to make the object image clear. During the process, the distance between the objective and the specimen should be observed from the side, to understand the critical value of the object distance between the lens and the specimen. When using a high magnification objective, since the distance between the objective and the specimen is very close, after the image is found, the coarse focus knob cannot generally be used, and the fine focus knob can only be used to avoid excessive distance of movement, damaging the objective and the slide or specimen. By using the characteristics of the fine focus, the height or thickness of the observed object can be roughly measured under the microscope, such as measuring the thickness of the cell or tissue, the thickness of the cover glass, and the thickness of small objects that cannot be measured by various conventional measuring instruments. Method of measurement: place the object to be measured at the center of the field of view of the stage. After the image is clearly focused, try to use the highest magnification objective as much as possible, and align the adapter of the top feature point of the object to be measured. After adjusting clear, record the position of scale of the fine focus knob. Then, move the objective down to the adapter of the lowest feature point of the object to be measured, and record the position of scale of the fine focus knob. Then, according to the above fine focus, record the number of rounds of movement, and based on the parameters of conversion of each round into stroke (see the microscope fine focus knob parameters), the number of rounds is converted into the total stroke, which is the height of the object to be measured. If it is repeated a few times for average, a more accurate measurement can be obtained. |
| Different microscope bodies, different human operations, and different requirements for observation and operation, all require adjustment of the pre-tightening force of the stand that support microscope body. Facing the stand just right, use both hands to reverse the force to adjust the tightness. (face the knob of one side just right, clockwise is to tighten, counterclockwise is to loosen) In general, after long-time use, the knob will be loose, and adjustment is necessary. |
| EPI-fluorescence kit, also known as the incidence fluorescence kit or reflection fluorescence kit. It is an accessory device that excites and emits fluorescence for fluorescent microscope illumination, forming an illumination system that consists an illumination source that can emit ultraviolet light, a configured fluorescent condenser, and filters for excitation and emission of fluorescence etc. Fluorescence microscope requires a complete set of filters. The fluorescence excitation block is the core component used to excite fluorescent specimens and observe fluorescence in a fluorescence microscope. The excitation and emission filters, after combination, are placed in a filter cube. When the user replaces the filter, it is relatively convenient. The component consisting of several filter blocks in the excitation module includes: Exciter filter: selects the light that passes through a certain wave band to excite the specimen to produce fluorescence. Dichroic mirror (commonly known as a mirror): set at a 45-degree angle in the cube, reflect the excitation light downwards and transmit the fluorescent upwards. Barrier filter: transmit the emitted light, that is, fluorescence, and at the same time block the reflected light in the various stray light and excitation light. Fluorescence is excited by light of a specific wavelength, and the emitted light that is excited has also a specific wavelength. Therefore, it is necessary to select suitable excitation blocks (mainly selecting the light wavelength parameters of excitation light filter, dichroic mirror and barrier filter). The excitation module is generally named after the basic color tone. The first letter represents the excitation spectrum region of the wavelength, that is, the color tone. For example, UV represents ultraviolet light, V represents violet, B represents blue, and G represents green. The subsequent letter represents the glass, and the numbers represent the model features. For example, BG12 is a kind of blue glass, B is the first letter of blue, and G is the first letter of glass. |
| After unpacking, carefully inspect the various random accessories and parts in the package to avoid omissions. In order to save space and ensure safety of components, some components will be placed outside the inner packaging box, so be careful of their inspection. For special packaging, it is generally after opening the box, all packaging boxes, protective foam, plastic bags should be kept for a period of time. If there is a problem during the return period, you can return or exchange the original. After the return period (usually 10-30 days, according to the manufacturer’s Instruction of Terms of Service), these packaging boxes may be disposed of if there is no problem. |
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| Desiccant Bag | 1 Bag | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dust Cover | 1pc | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spare Bulb | 1pc | ||||||||||||||||||
| Product Instructions/Operation Manual | 1pc | ||||||||||||||||||
| Packing | |
| Packaging Type | Carton Packaging |
| Packaging Material | Corrugated Carton |
| Inner Packing Material | Plastic Bag |
| Ancillary Packaging Materials | Styrofoam |
| Minimum Packaging Quantity | 1pc |
| Transportation Carton | Carton Packaging |
| Transportation Carton Material | Corrugated Carton |
